2026年2月23日 星期一

電力系統分析軟體 PSS/E及DigSilent的功能比較(From ChatGPT)

 

PSS/E 及 DIgSILENT PowerFactory 的功能比較

功能類別

PSS/E

DIgSILENT PowerFactory

潮流分析(Load Flow)

✅ 強大、適合大型系統

✅ 全功能支持

短路分析

✅ 支援

✅ 支援

穩態與暫態穩定性分析

✅ 熱門核心功能

✅ 支援

電磁暫態 / 瞬態分析

有限 (需額外工具連結)

✅ 內建較完整支援

最適潮流/經濟分析

✅ 進階模組支援

✅ 原生支援、可擴展

分布式/配電網分析

可能需配套工具

✅ 支援好(如多相建模)

可再生能源整合分析

需擴充或自定義模型

不錯的支援與實例工具

模型自動化與腳本支援

✅ Python API / script 強化

✅ 內建 DSL 與 Python 介面

總結:兩者都具備標準的潮流、短路與穩定性分析功能,但 PowerFactory 在靈活性與附加功能(如配電網、多種分析模式)上較全面,PSS/E 在大型系統規劃與動態模擬擴充上較成熟。

2024年4月2日 星期二

IEEE 1584-2018 電弧閃絡計算步驟 (二)

  Step 9: Calculate the incident energy

1.        確定盤體尺寸修正係數。

2.        如果系統電壓為 600V < Voc ≤ 15000V,則使用公式(6)、公式(7)和公式(8)找到中間值。 利用公式(10)、(11)、(12)求電弧能量的最終值。

3.        如果系統電壓為 208V ≤ Voc ≤ 600V,則使用公式(9)確定最終電弧能量。

求中間值

(6)

(7)

         (8)

(9)

 where

E600 is the incident energy at Voc = 600 V (J/cm2)

E2700 is the incident energy at Voc = 2700 V (J/cm2)

E14300 is the incident energy at Voc = 14 300 V (J/cm2)

E≤600 is the incident energy for Voc ≤ 600 V (J/cm2)

T: the arc duration (ms)

G:the gap distance between conductors (electrodes) (mm)

Iarc_600: the rms arcing current for 600 V (kA)

Iarc_2700: the rms arcing current for 2700 V (kA)

Iarc_14300: the rms arcing current for 14 300 V (kA)

Iarc:rms arcing current for Voc ≤ 600 V [using Equation (25)] (kA)

Ibf: bolted fault current for three-phase faults (symmetrical rms) (kA)

D: the distance between electrodes and calorimeters (working distance) (mm)

CF: correction factor for enclosure size (CF = 1 for VOA and HOA confi.)

lg: log10

k1to k13: the coefficients provided in Table 4, Table 5, and Table 6.

Table 4 Coefficients for Equation (6), Equation (9), Equation (13), and Equation (16)


Table 5 Coefficients for Equation (7), Equation (14)

Table 6 Coefficients for Equation (8), Equation (15)

求最終值 (600 V < Voc ≤ 15000 V)

                  (10)                (11)                  (12)

 where

E1: the first E interpolation term between 600 V and 2700 V (J/cm2)

E2: the second E interpolation term used when Voc is > 2700 V (J/cm2)

E3: the third E interpolation term used when Voc is < 2700 V (J/cm2)

When 0.600 < Voc ≤ 2.7, the final values of incident energy is given as follows:

E = E3

When Voc > 2.7, the final values of incident energy is given as follows:

E = E2

求最終值 (Voc ≤ 600 V)

電弧能量如下:

E = E≤600

where

E≤600: the incident energy for Voc ≤ 600 V determined using Equation (9) solved            using the arc current determined from Equation (1) and Equation (5) (J/cm2)

E: the final incident energy at specified Voc (J/cm2)

Step 10: 決定所有設備的電弧保護界線

1.    確定盤體尺寸修正係數

2.    如果系統電壓為 600V < Voc ≤ 15000V,則使用公式(13)、(14)及(15)來找出中     間值。 利用公式(17)、(18)、(19)求電弧保護界線的最終值。

3.    如果系統電壓為 208V ≤ Voc ≤ 600V,則使用公式(16)確定最終的電弧保護界線。

求中間值

(14)

 

(15)



where

AFB600: the arc-flash boundary for Voc = 600 V (mm)

AFB2700: the arc-flash boundary for Voc = 2700 V (mm)

AFB14300: the arc-flash boundary for Voc = 14 300 V (mm)

AFB≤600: the arc-flash boundary for Voc ≤ 600 V (mm)

G: the gap between electrodes (mm)

Iarc_600: the rms arcing current for 600 V (kA)

Iarc_2700: the rms arcing current for 2700 V (kA)

Iarc_14300: the rms arcing current for 14 300 V (kA)

Iarc: the rms arcing current for Voc ≤ 600 V [obtained using Equation (5)] (kA)

Ibf: the bolted fault current for three-phase faults (symmetrical rms) (kA)

CF:the correction factor for enclosure size (CF=1 for VOA and HOA                                configurations)

T:the arc duration (ms)

lg: log10

k1 to k13: are the coefficients provided in Table 4, Table 5, and Table 6.

求最終值 (600 V < Voc ≤ 15000 V)

      (17)                                

       (18)

       (19)

 where

AFB1: the first AFB interpolation term between 600 V and 2700 V (mm)

AFB2: the second AFB interpolation term used when Voc is > 2700 V (mm)

AFB3: the third AFB interpolation term used when Voc is < 2700 V (mm)

When 0.600 < Voc ≤ 2.7, the final values of arc-flash boundary are as follows:

AFB = AFB3

When Voc > 2.7, the final values of arc-flash boundary are given as follows:

AFB = AFB2

求最終值 (Voc ≤ 600 V)

電弧保護界線如下:

AFB = AFB≤600

where

AFB≤600:arc-flash boundary for Voc ≤ 600V determined using Equation(16) solved using the arc current determined from Equation (1) and Equation (5) (mm)

AFB:the final arc-flash boundary at specified Voc (mm)

Step 11: 決定二次電弧電流

必須考慮電弧電流的變化,減少的電弧電流重複步驟 8、步驟 9 和步驟 10。其獲得的電弧能量和電弧保護界限之結果可能不同。 最終電弧能量或電弧保護界限是兩個計算值中較高的一個。

(20)

 where

VarCf: the arcing current variation correction factor

Iarc:the final or intermediate rms arcing current(s) (kA) (see note)

Iarc_min: a second rms arcing current reduced based on the variation correction factor (kA)

Voc: the open-circuit voltage between 0.208 kV and 15.0 kV

k1 to  k7: the coefficients provided in Table 7

Table 7 Coefficients for Equation (20)


NOTE—The correction factor (1 – (0.5 × VarCf)) is applied as follows:

— 208 V ≤ Voc ≤ 600 V: To Iarc (final current only)

— 600 V < Voc ≤ 15000 V: To Iarc_600, Iarc_2700, and Iarc_14300 (intermediate average arcing currents). The final Iarc value inherits the correction factor.

“0.5”係數表示應用平均電弧電流變化以求得電弧電流下限值。